Disproportionately Low Albumin and High Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma Patients With Long-Duration Crohn's Disease.

INTRODUCTION: Although Crohn's disease (CD) is a known risk factor of small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA), early diagnosis remains a significant clinical challenge. Identification of biomarkers for SBA may lead to early detection. METHODS: This is a retrospective study comparing albumin levels and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) of patients with long-standing CD who underwent small bowel resection with and without malignancy. RESULTS: Forty-two patients with CD were included in this study (11 with SBA). Median NLR before surgery was 8.5 (interquartile range 6.2-31.3) in patients with SBA and 3.8 (interquartile range 2.8-5.3) for patients without SBA ( P < 0.05). Mean albumin levels before surgery were significantly lower among patients with SBA compared with patients without SBA (2.6 ± 0.6 g/dL vs 3.5 ± 0.6 g/dL, respectively, P < 0.05), despite patients with SBA being under longer total parenteral nutrition treatment duration. DISCUSSION: CD patients with SBA diagnosis have increased NLR and lower albumin before surgery compared with CD patients without detection of SBA.

Impact of Crohn's Disease on the Survival of Patients with Small-Bowel Adenocarcinoma in Korea: A Bicenter Cohort Study.

Background/Aims: Owing to the low prevalence of small-bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA), data on the impact of Crohn's disease (CD) on the survival of patients with SBA are lacking. Therefore, we investigated this issue in this study. Methods: In this bicenter cohort study, patients with histologically confirmed SBA were retrospectively enrolled and classified into two groups: sporadic SBA and CD-associated SBA. Patients with duodenal SBA were excluded. Overall survival, disease-free survival, and factors associated with survival were analyzed. Results: Of 128 patients with SBA, 115 had sporadic SBA and 13 had CD-associated SBA. Ileal involvement and poorly differentiated tumors were more common in the CD-associated SBA group than in the sporadic SBA group (ileal involvement, 53.8% vs 22.6%; poor differentiation, 46.2% vs 14.8%; both p<0.05). In survival analysis, overall survival showed no statistical difference between the sporadic SBA and CD-associated SBA groups (p=0.370). However, when stratified by stage, the adjusted overall survival of the CD-associated SBA group was lower in patients with an advanced disease stage (p=0.029). Disease-free survival showed the same tendency, albeit without clinical significance (p=0.097). CD (hazard ratio [HR], 2.308; p=0.047), older age (≥65 yr) at SBA diagnosis (HR, 2.766; p=0.001), and stage III/IV disease (HR, 3.151; p<0.001) were factors associated with mortality. Conclusions: The overall survival of patients with CD-associated SBA did not differ from that of patients with sporadic SBA. However, as CD is an independent risk factor for mortality, vigilant surveillance in high-risk patients may be crucial.

[A young teenager with chronic postprandial emesis]. / Een jonge tiener met chronisch braken na het eten.

A girl, 11 years of age, presented with progressive abdominal pain and emesis after eating since 9 months. Her blood count only showed an iron deficiency anaemia. Diagnostic work-up suggested an ileo-ileal intussusception caused by a pedunculated polyp. Diagnosis was confirmed by laparoscopic-assisted resection of the involved small bowel.

Ileal neuroendocrine tumor as an uncommon cause of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are heterogeneous, slow-growing tumors whose most common locations are lung, gastrointestinal tract, and pancreas.

Ileal rhabdomyosarcoma in a patient with a history of squamous cell lung cancer.

Rhabdomyosarcoma is an infrequent muscular cancer seen in adults. We present a case of ileal intussusception due to pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma in a patient diagnosed previously with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL). The patient was a 68-year-old man with a history of SCCL. He was admitted to the emergency department for nausea, emesis and obstipation. Surgical investigation of the abdomen revealed an intussusception caused by a tumour located 160cm distal of the ligament of Treitz. Pathological examination showed that tumour was a primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the ileum. This case contributes to the literature by defining an infrequent presentation of rhabdomyosarcoma causing ileal intussusception in an adult patient.

[Preoperative diagnosis of small intestinal cancer associated with Crohn's disease: a case report].

The patient was a 46-year-old woman with a history of Crohn's disease for several years. At 45 years of age, a colonoscopy was performed, and a protruding lesion in the terminal ileum was detected. Pathological analysis of a biopsy specimen noted high suspicion for a well differentiated adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent ileocecal resection, and histological examination of the specimen revealed that infiltration of the well differentiated adenocarcinoma was limited to the mucosa. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first known case of early small intestinal cancer associated with Crohn's disease in Japan. Both endoscopy and a biopsy of any protruding lesions may be useful for making a preoperative diagnosis of small intestinal cancer associated with Crohn's disease.

Bleeding Edge Therapy: Ileocolic Intussusception Due to Ileocecal Valve Adenocarcinoma and Its Management in an Adult Patient-Case Report and Literature Review.

Adenocarcinoma as the primary cause of bowel intussusception is uncommon. We describe the case of a 86-year-old patient admitted for ileocecal intussusception due to the presence of adenocarcinoma, located in the ileocecal valve and right colon. The etiologies of intussusception, its diagnosis, and conservative or surgical treatments are discussed, with attention placed on the indications for reduction of the invagination prior to surgical resection.

[A Case of Intussusception Due to Ileal Malignant Lymphoma of AYA Generation].

The case is a 17-year-old man. He had complained of right lower abdominal pain for a week. He had no symptoms such as fever, weight loss, or night sweats. He was diagnosed with intussusception by abdominal contrast-enhanced CT and was hospitalized. The day after hospitalization, lower gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed, and a tumor 25 mm in size was found in the invagination of the ileum. Intussusception was recovered by intestinal scope insufflation, and the tumor was found to be a type 1 tumor located approximately 5 cm proximal to the Bauhin's valve. On day 17 of hospitalization, he had intussusception again at the time of surgery, and performed laparoscopic reduction before performing laparoscopy-assisted partial resection of the small intestine and appendectomy. The postoperative course was good and he was discharged on POD12(on day 29 of hospitalization). Histopathological diagnosis was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL), and chemotherapy was to be administered at the referral hospital. In intussusception of the adolescents and young adults(AYA)generation, such as this case outside of childhood, it is necessary to treat the patient with consideration for the presence of neoplastic lesions such as malignant lymphoma. We report our case with some literature considerations.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of ileum with intussusception in adult.

A 62-year-old man was referred to our department with suspected intussusception due to an ileal tumor. Tumor markers including soluble interleukin-2 receptor were not elevated. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography and color Doppler ultrasonography showed a distinct ileal tumor without intratumoral blood flow or surrounding lymphadenopathies. Retrograde single-balloon enteroscopy revealed a submucosal tumor in the ileum that was hard and ulcerated. Partial intestinal resection was performed, and the lesion was diagnosed as an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. The patient had no recurrence over 2 years without additional treatment after surgery. This rare tumor should be kept in mind as a cause of ileal intussusception in adult and a multidisciplinary approach is vital to characterize it.

Perforated Ileal GIST Associated with Meckel Diverticulum - A Rare Pathological Entity of Surgical Acute Abdomen.

Introduction: The GIST tumors are very rare entities ( 1% of all tumors). They originate in the Cajal interstitial cells, which are part of the autonomic nervous system of the intestine. Their most common location is the stomach, followed by the small intestine. The aim of this paper is to present a very rare case of perforated ileal GIST, associated with Meckel diverticulum. Case report: A 71 years old patient with comorbidities is admitted in emergency for symptoms and signs of acute surgical abdomen. The exploratory laparotomy reveals generalized acute peritonitis due to perforated ileal tumor and Meckel's diverticulum. A segmental enterectomy is performed, with favorable postoperative evolution. The histological examination of the resection piece shows the appearance of GIST, confirmed immunohistochemically. Conclusions: The GIST tumors of the small intestine are unusual tumors and the spontaneous perforation and life-threatening hemorrhage are a rarity. The main treatment for this form of GIST is the resection, with a favorable clinical outcome.

Small bowel racemose hemangioma complicated with obstruction and chronic anemia: A case report and review of literature.

BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal hemangiomas are rare benign tumors. According to the size of the affected vessels, hemangiomas are histologically classified into cavernous, capillary, or mixed-type tumors, with the cavernous type being the most common and racemose hemangiomas being very rare in the clinic. Melena of uncertain origin and anemia are the main clinical manifestations, and other presentations are rare. Due to the rarity of gastrointestinal hemangiomas and lack of specific manifestations and diagnostic methods, preoperative diagnoses are often delayed or incorrect. CASE SUMMARY: We report a 5-year-old girl who presented with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting for a duration of 10 h. The laboratory studies showed prominent anemia. Computed tomography and contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen revealed a small bowel obstruction caused by a giant abdominal mass. Segmental resection of the ileal lesions was performed through surgery, and the final pathology results revealed a diagnosis of racemose hemangioma complicated by a small bowel obstruction and simultaneous chronic anemia. CONCLUSION: The current report will increase the understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal hemangiomas and provide a review of the related literature.